Understanding LEDs: How They Work, Key Properties and Applications

In short An LED is a p-n junction that turns current into light. Electrons and holes recombine at the junction and release photons; this is electroluminescence. The semiconductor’s bandgap sets the colour: E = hν = hc/λ, so λ [nm] ≈ 1240 / E [eV]. Doping controls conductivity and helps tune the emission. Drive LEDs […]
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